Andhra Pradesh is a state of India. It is situated on the southeastern coast of India. Andhra Pradesh is eighth largest state of country with an area of 162,968 km (62,922 sq mi). Andhra Pradesh is tenth largest among other states by population with 49,386,799 inhabitants.
| Symbols of Andhra Pradesh | |
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Emblem: Poorna kumbham Language: Telugu Song: Maa Telugu Talliki Dance: Kuchipudi Animal: Blackbuck Bird: Indian Roller |
Flower: Water Lilly Fruit: Mango Tree: Neem Sport: Kabaddi Website: www.ap.gov.in |
History
In it’s early history this region was a part of Mauryan Empire. Amaravati might have been a regional centre at that time. After the death of emperor Ashoka, the Mauryan rule weakened around 200 BCE, and the empire was broke in several small kingships. Some of the main dynasties which ruled Andhra region later were: Satavahana Empire, Andhra Ikshvakus, Pallavas, Vishnukundinas, Salankayanas, Eastern Chalukyas, Chola dynasty, Reddy dynasty and Vijayanagara Empire.
In the early 19th century, it became part of the British East India company. Britishers emerged this region as Coastal Andhra. Later, the Nizam rulers of Hyderabad hand-over five territories to the British which eventually emerged as Rayalaseema region.
India became independent in 1947 and this region emerged in Indian Union with Operation Polo in September 1948.
On 2 June 2014, the north-western portion of Andhra Pradesh was bifurcated by UPA‘s central govt of India to form a new state of Telangana.
Geography
The state has second largest coastline of 974 kms, after Gujarat, among all the states of India. It is bordered by Chhattisgarh in north, Telangana in the north-west, Odisha in north-east, Tamil Nadu in south, Karnataka in west and the Bay of Bengal in east. A small enclave called Yanam (Puducherry) lies also in southward of the state. Andhra Pradesh is composed of two regions: Coastal Andhra (with 9 districts), located along the Bay of Bengal, and Rayalaseema (with 4 districts), in the inland southwestern part. Geographic coordinates of Andhra Pradesh are 16.50°N, 80.64°E.
Economy
For financial year of 2014–15, Andhra Pradesh was ranked to eighth position among other Indian states in terms of GSDP. Economy of Andhra Pradesh mainly consists of Domestic product of Agriculture, Industrial and Service sectors.
Culture
There are some thirteen geographical indications from Andhra Pradesh, like Bobbili Veena, Brass Craft, Dharmavaram Handloom Pattu Sarees, Guntur Sannam, Kondapalli Toys, Machilipatnam Kalamkari, Mangalagiri Fabrics etc. Burra katha and Harikatha involves the technique of story narration. Kuchipudi is the world-famous dance of state. Aavakaaya is probably the best known of the pickle originate here.
Education
Andhra Pradesh has literacy rate of 67.41% as per 2011 census of India. Education up to secondary standard is imparted by various schools under School Education Department. Medium of instructions in imparting education are Telugu, English, Urdu, Hindi, Kannada, Odia and Tamil. Notable universities in the state are Andhra University, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University etc. National Institute of Oceanography, School of Planning and Architecture, Naval Science & Technological Laboratory, National Atmospheric Research Laboratory are the noted research institutes of Andhra Pradesh.
Administration
Andhra Pradesh has 13 administrative districts which are further divided into 49 revenue divisions. Divisions are divided into 664 mandals. Legislative Assembly (with 175 members) is lower house and Legislative Council (with 58 members) is the upper house of Andhra Pradesh. State has 11 seats in Rajya Sabha and 25 seats in Lok Sabha in the Parliament of India. N. Chandrababu Naidu held the record for the longest serving chief minister (from 1995 to 2004). Hyderabad is the De jure capital of both Andhra Pradesh and Telangana states for some 10 years. Amaravati is proposed to be the permanent capital of Andhra Pradesh.
Demography
Andhra Pradesh has a population of 49,386,799 including 42,442,146 males and 42,138,631 females with a density of 308/km2. The rural population is recorded as 56,361,702 and urban as 28,219,075. Sex ratio is 992 which is above than national average of 978. These stats are based on 2011 census of India.